An employer seeking the
services of an H-1B candidate and filing the necessary papers to obtain such
services must be a "U.S. employer." A U.S. employer is a person, firm,
corporation, contractor or other association or organization in the United States with an IRS tax identification
number. There must be an employer-employee relationship, as indicated by the
fact that the employer may hire, fire, pay, supervise or otherwise control the
work of the employee.
As a prerequisite to
obtaining the services of an H-1B worker, the employer must file a labor
condition application (LCA) with the Department of Labor (DOL). Among other
things, the LCA must list the location where the work will actually be performed.
Therefore, if the candidate is to be hired by a company located in one place
but will actually be doing the work in another facility or company, the LCA
should list the worksite as the second location. If the candidate works in more
than one location, both locations should be listed. If the employee is a
“roving” employee but has a base in one main location the LCA
should list the main place of employment.
Computer Professionals
According to Department
of Labor statistics, more than 40% of all LCA's are approved for computer
professionals.
Instead of an Approval
Notice, inexperienced attorneys commonly receive an USCIS Notice of Action
(also known as Request for Evidence) in response to filing an H-1B petition for
computer professionals. The Notice of Action normally uses boilerplate language
and states "[t]his Service accepts that you are the employer, not an
agent, and that you retain control over the beneficiary's employment. A copy of
the agreement(s) are needed to establish that the employment of the beneficiary
is not speculative in nature, and that the beneficiary will be employed in
fact. Service regulations specify that aliens admitted to the United States as nonimmigrant workers must have
services to perform...."
Computer Professionals typically
work at client sites through an agreement between the petitioner (employer) and
its customer. An employer who seeks the services of an H-1B worker at more than
one location must provide an itinerary. In certain circumstances, the USCIS
requires presentation of "third party contracts" between the
petitioner and the petitioner's customer (at whose site the H-1B employee will
work), allegedly to determine whether employment is "speculative."
"Speculative"
employment is an important issue to the USCIS. Some employers are filing
petitions for H-1B workers in order to fill assignments which they anticipate
getting in the future, but which do not exist at the time the petition is
filed. USCIS personnel have indicated to the American Immigration Lawyers Association
(AILA) that they must know three things: a) that a job exists; b) where the job
is (in order to verify that they have an LCA for that location); and c) what
the job duties are (in order to assure that the job is a specialty occupation).
Thus, copies of written
contracts may be required for work performed under contract, and specific job
descriptions with time frames may be required for work performed for an
employer but outside the employer's place of business. Prudent practitioners,
therefore, provide contracts and itinerary whenever possible. Problems may
arise where a) it is not the usual practice in the business to prepare a
contract between the employer (petitioner) and the third party job site; or b)
the employee's itinerary has not been determined.
Possible solutions
suggested by AILA--but which have not yet been explicitly endorsed by the
USCIS--include a) providing proof of time needed to complete the services
indicated in the petition; b) showing a bona fide employer-employee relationship
between the petitioner and the beneficiary; c) providing financial information
showing that the petitioner is capable of paying the beneficiary's wages for
the duration of the petition; and d) showing that the petitioner has more
contracts than it can fill and is intensely recruiting for qualified computer
professionals.
Please note that a
contract committing to a specific project and time frame will limit approval in
duration to the time required to complete that project. A knowledgeable
attorney should be able to guide the employer in preparing customer contracts
or suggest viable alternatives.
Please contact our law firm to discuss your immigration matter.
[Note: Please consult
with an attorney specializing in Immigration & Nationality law for
professional advice in specific situations.]
